Epidemics of AA reported from orphanages and schools pointed towards infectious etiology. Thus, AA is generally a disorder of hair cycling and is considered to be a state of kenogen. In alopecias, hair shedding occurs even before the anagen starts leaving the hair follicle empty (kenogen). In normal healthy individuals, hair sheds out after the resting phase when the new hair anagen growth starts (exogen). The type and length of the hair depends on the anagen phase. Hair growth and maintenance depends on 3 phases of hair cycle, anagen (active growth phase), catagen (involution phase), and telogen (resting phase).
Family members are affected in 8.7-20% of cases. Highest prevalence was between 30-59 yrs of age.
#ALOPECIA UNIVERSALIS TREATMENT 2013 PATCH#
Twenty percent of cases were children, and 60% of AA patients had their first patch before 20 years of age. The youngest was 4-months-old, and the oldest was in late seventies. Both males and females are equally affected, but some studies reported male preponderance.
,, In general population, the prevalence was estimated at 0.1-0.2% with a lifetime risk of 1.7%. It accounts for 2-3% of the new dermatology cases in UK and USA, 3.8% in China, and 0.7% in India. It was first described by Cornelius Celsus, and the term AA was coined by Sauvages in 1760. It is one of the most common form of hair loss seen by dermatologists and accounts for 25% of all the alopecia cases. Alopecia areata (AA) is a common form of non-scarring alopecia involving the scalp and/or body, characterized by hair loss without any clinical inflammatory signs.
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